Civil War in Portugal

On March 10, 1826, D. Pedro IV succeeded to the Portuguese throne, but not to threaten the independence of Brazil abdicates the throne in favor of his eldest daughter, Maria da Glória

Picture 1- D. Pedro IV


Picture 2 - D. Maria II ( Maria da Gloria)

However King D. Pedro IV presents his abdication on the condition that Portugal should accept a constitution of his own, or be elaborated by him, and D. Maria II should marry his uncle (D. Pedro's brother) Miguel

Picture 3- D. Miguel ( king's brother)

Miguel was to be regent during the minority of D. Maria II

In 1828, the throne of his daughter was usurped by his brother D. Miguel who defended the absolutist ideal, Miguel pretended to accept the conditions of D. Pedro and as soon as he was appointed regent of the niece in 1828, since this was still minor, annulled the Constitution that was written by the brother having the support of his mother D. Carlota Joaquina and was acclaimed king, with the support of the absolutist Portuguese

D. Pedro thus departs for the Azores Archipelago, for Terceira Island, the only Portuguese territory that remained faithful to his daughter D. Maria II, in the archipelago stayed a few months, to prepare the beginning of the civil war against his brother Miguel who usurped the power of his daughter, this expedition intended to deliver the Portuguese throne to D. Maria II

Pedro and the liberals disembark in Pampelido, Mindelo on July 8 and arrive at Porto, without opposition on July 9. Pedro leads a small Portuguese force of liberals, composed by Almeida Garrett and Alexandre Herculano

Picture 4- - Porto today, Serra do Pilar on the left, the only liberal stronghold south of the Douro, during the Porto Siege

Nevertheless its army was in great numerical inferiority and for more than a year of July of 1832 to August of 1833, the liberal troops of D. Pedro were surrounded by the absolutist forces of D. Miguel- denominated this event by Cerco do Porto

This heroic resistance of the city of Oporto and the troops of D. Pedro was due to the liberal victory in Portugal during the siege at the beginning of the year 1833

In 1834 defeats Miguel in the Battle of Almoster and Asseiceira and ends the war with Évora-Monte Convention
The convention of Évora Monte had as a consequence the surrender of Miguel's forces and the payment of an annual lifetime pension to D. Miguel of 60 contos de kings
After the signing D. Miguel left the country

On 10 September, Pedro, who is already very fragile, lies in the Queluz Palace,
He died in the Palace of Queluz, a victim of Tuberculosis at 36 years of age on September 24, 1834 at 2:30 p.m. - 4 days after the beginning of the reign of her daughter D. Maria II and a few months after having achieved the liberal victory in Portugal
According to his wish, his heart was placed in the Church of Lapa in Oporto, in thanks to the city that supported him and remained firm against the miguelistas in the civil war, and his body was initially buried in the Church of S. Vicente de Fora, 


Picture 5- Church of Lapa in Oporto


Picture 6- heart of Dom Pedro in the Church of Lapa, Porto


It was only in 1972, the 150th anniversary of the Independence of Brazil that his body was transferred to Brazil, having been buried at the Monument to Independence of Brazil, in São Paulo

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